Wildfire Risk
Environmental Risk Factor
Wildfire risk has grown dramatically across the United States, particularly in the western states, as climate change extends fire seasons, increases drought conditions, and creates more extreme fire weather. The wildland-urban interface, where development meets undeveloped land, puts millions of homes at direct fire risk. Even areas not directly threatened by flames face severe air quality impacts from wildfire smoke that can travel hundreds or thousands of miles. The annual area burned has more than doubled since the 1990s. Wildfire smoke exposure is emerging as one of the most significant seasonal air quality threats in America.
How It's Measured
Wildfire risk is assessed using multiple factors including vegetation type and density, historical fire patterns, topography, weather conditions, proximity to the wildland-urban interface, drought conditions, and community fire preparedness. The USDA Forest Service Wildfire Risk to Potential Structures mapping tool provides detailed risk assessments. State fire agencies also maintain fire hazard zone designations. Air quality impacts from smoke are measured through AQI monitoring during fire events.
Health Effects
- ⚠️Smoke inhalation causing respiratory distress and asthma attacks
- ⚠️Long-term cardiovascular damage from repeated smoke exposure
- ⚠️Burns and physical injuries from direct fire contact
- ⚠️Mental health trauma from evacuation and property loss
- ⚠️Water contamination from fire retardants and burned materials
- ⚠️Increased mortality during and after major wildfire events
Data Sources
- 📊USDA Forest Service Wildfire Risk to Potential Structures
- 📊NIFC National Interagency Fire Center statistics
- 📊CAL FIRE Fire Hazard Severity Zone maps
- 📊NASA FIRMS satellite fire detection data
How to Protect Yourself
- ✓Create defensible space of at least 100 feet around your home
- ✓Use fire-resistant roofing and siding materials
- ✓Keep gutters and roof clear of leaves and debris
- ✓Prepare an evacuation go-bag with essential documents
- ✓Sign up for local emergency alert systems
- ✓Monitor air quality during fire season and limit outdoor exposure when smoky